Imithombo yamaminerali eningi yase-Australia sekuyisikhathi eside iyisisusa esiyinhloko sokukhula komnotho nokuchuma.Izinqolobane ezicebile zezwe zamalahle, insimbi, igolide nezinye izimbiwa ziqhuba isidingo somhlaba wonke emikhakheni ehlanganisa ezokukhiqiza, ezokwakha kanye namandla.Nokho, imboni yezimayini ibhekane nezinselelo eziningi eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuhlanganisa ukuntengantenga kwentengo yempahla, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko kanye nokuncintisana okwandisiwe okuvela ezimakethe ezisafufusa.Ngaphandle kwalezi zivunguvungu, umkhakha wezimbiwa phansi wase-Australia usalokhu uyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho, unikela ngezigidigidi zamadola ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe futhi usekele izinkulungwane zemisebenzi ezweni lonke.
Enye yezimbiwa ezibalulekile eziqhuba umnotho wase-Australia insimbi yensimbi.Izwe liphethe inqwaba yensimbi yezinga eliphezulu esifundeni sase-Pilbara eNtshonalanga ye-Australia futhi lingelinye labakhiqizi abakhulu nabathumela kwamanye amazwe insimbi.Isidingo sensimbi siye sakhula eminyakeni yamuva nje njengoba i-China kanye namanye amazwe athuthukayo ezomnotho eqhubeka nokutshala izimali kungqalasizinda namaphrojekthi wokwakha.I-iron ore ibalwe ngaphezu kwekota yengqikithi yokuthunyelwa kwe-Australia ngo-2020, ikhiqiza imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-A $136 futhi isekela amashumi ezinkulungwane zemisebenzi.Kodwa-ke, imboni ingaphansi kwengcindezi eyandayo evela kubashisekeli bemvelo kanye namaqembu aboMdabu akhathazekile ngomthelela wezimayini ezinkulu emhlabeni namasiko endabuko.
Omunye umdlali omkhulu embonini yezimayini yase-Australia amalahle.Nakuba amalahle ebeyinsika yomnotho amashumi eminyaka, le mboni ibhekene nezinselelo ezinkulu njengoba umhlaba uguqukela kumandla avuselelekayo futhi amazwe azibekela imigomo yesimo sezulu esifisa kakhulu.Imboni yamalahle yase-Australia ihlaselwe kakhulu yilolu bhubhane lomhlaba wonke, njengoba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kwehla ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu ngo-2020 njengoba isidingo sehla eChina nakwezinye izimakethe ezinkulu.Ukwesekwa kukahulumeni wobumbano kule mboni kugxekwe namaqembu ezemvelo, aphikisana ngokuthi ukuqhubeka nokuthembela emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi akuhambisani nemigomo yokunciphisa ikhabhoni.
Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, imboni yezimayini yase-Australia iyaqhubeka nokutshala izimali kubuchwepheshe obusha nezindlela zezimayini ukuze ihlale inokuncintisana futhi izinzile.Isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zezimayini ezizimele kuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi banciphise izindleko futhi bathuthukise ukuphepha, kuyilapho ukwamukelwa kwemithombo yamandla evuselelekayo efana nelanga nomoya kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kanye nomthelela wemvelo.Imboni iphinde isebenzisane nemiphakathi yomdabu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izindawo zezimayini zithuthukiswa ngendlela enomthwalo wemfanelo nezwela amasiko, kanye nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezisekela imfundo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye namathuba omsebenzi kwaboMdabu base-Australia.
Ngaphezu kwezinsimbi namaminerali, i-Australia futhi inezindawo ezibalulekile zegesi yemvelo namafutha.Izizinda zegesi zaphesheya kwezilwandle, ikakhulukazi i-Brows kanye ne-Carnarvon Basins ngasogwini lwe-Western Australia, ziphakathi kwezinkulu emhlabeni, ezihlinzeka ngamandla abalulekile ezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithombo yegesi yemvelo nakho kuye kwaba yimpikiswano, ngokukhathazeka ngomthelela wokuqhekeka kwemvelo yendawo kanye nokuphakelwa kwamanzi, kanye negalelo legesi yemvelo ekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa.
Naphezu kwalokhu kukhathazeka, uHulumeni wase-Australia uyaqhubeka nokusekela ukukhula kwemboni kawoyela negesi, ephikisana ngokuthi inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho kanye nokuvikeleka kwamandla.Uhulumeni wobumbano uzibophezele ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseParis, ngenkathi ekhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe bamandla ahlanzekile obufana ne-hydrogen ne-carbon capture and storage.Kodwa-ke, inkulumo-mpikiswano ngekusasa lezimayini kungenzeka iqhubeke njengoba izinhlangano zezemvelo kanye nemiphakathi yaboMdabu bephokophelela ukuvikeleka okukhulu komhlaba namagugu amasiko, futhi icela izwe ukuthi lishintshele emnothweni osimeme futhi onekhabhoni ephansi.
Sekukonke, imithombo yezimbiwa yase-Australia iyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho, inikela ezigidini zezigidi zamaRandi ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe futhi isekela izinkulungwane zemisebenzi ezweni lonke.Nakuba le mboni iye yabhekana nezinselelo eziningi eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuhlanganisa ukwehla kwamanani ezimpahla kanye nokukhuphuka kwezindleko, isalokhu ingumshayeli oyinhloko wokukhula nokuchuma.Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, izindlela ezisimeme zezimayini namandla avuselelekayo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni iyaqhubeka nokuchuma esimweni somhlaba esishintshayo, kuyilapho ukubambisana okwandisiwe nemiphakathi yoMdabu kanye namaqembu emvelo kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukukhishwa kwezinsiza ngendlela enomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nesibopho samasiko.Indlela ebucayi.Njengoba i-Australia iqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselelo zezomnotho nezemvelo zekhulunyaka lama-21, imboni yezimbiwa phansi iyohlala ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekusaseni lesizwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-06-2023
